阅读理解细节题 四步搞定阅读理解细节题

四步搞定阅读理解细节题

解题步骤 第二步，寻读，找到关键句。

第三步，细读，理解信息。

第四步，甄别，选出答案。

甄别选项，即比较信息句与各选项所述内容，排除干扰 项，选出正确选项。值得注意的是，正确选项与原文往往是用不同词语来表 达同一意思。

以上四步可记作“一定二找，三解四较”。

典型例题 （2013全国II卷39） Doctors are known to be terrible pilots. They don’t listen because they already know it all. I was lucky：
became a pilot in 1970，almost ten years before I graduated from medical school. I didn’t realize then，but becoming a pilot makes me a better surgeon. I loved flying. As I flew bigger，faster planes，and in worse weather，I learned about crew resource management（机组资源管理），or CRM，a new idea to make flying safer. It means that crew members should listen and speak up for a good result，regardless of positions. 36. What does the author say about doctors in general？A. They like flying by themselves B. They are unwilling to take advice. C. They pretend to be good pilots. D. They are quick learners of CRM 第二步，寻读，信息定位。用doctor寻读，在文中找到 “Doctors are known to be terrible pilots. They don’ t listen because they already know it all.” 第三步，细读，理解信息。“医生被人为是可怕的飞行 员。他们听不进意见，因为他们已经完全知道了。” 第四步，甄别，选出答案。与所找信息意思相符的只有 选项B。文中信息They don’t listen（ 注：listen to sb. =take notice of what sb. says to them so that they follow sb.’s advice）与正确选项They are unwilling to take advice是同一意思的不同表达形式。即时练习 阅读下列选段，请用上述四步法，从每题所给的四个选 项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

1.（2013全国II卷42）In 1947 a group of famous people from the art world headed by an Austrian conductor decided to hold an international festival of music， dance and theatre in Edinburgh. The idea was to reunite Europe after the Second World War. It quickly attracted famous names such as Alec Guinness... At the same time，the“Fringe”appeared as a challenge to the official festival. Eight theatre groups turned up uninvited in 1947，in the belief that everyone should have the right to perform，and they did so in a public house disused for years. Soon，groups of students firstly from Edinburgh University，and later from the universities of Oxford and Cambridge，？Durham and Birmingham were making thejourney to the Scottish capital each summer to perform theater by little-known writers of plays in small church halls to the people of Edinburgh. △Who joined the“Fringe”after it appeared？ A. They owned a public house there B. University students C. Trusts from around the world D. Performers of music and dance2. 2.（2014新课标II卷30） One of the latest trends in American childcare is Chinese au pairs... “I thought it would be very useful for him to learn Chinese at an early age，”Joseph Stocke... Li Drake，a Chinese native raising two children in Minnesota with an American husband，had another reason for looking for an au pair from China：
She didn’t want her children to miss out on their roots.“Because I amChinese，my husband and I wanted the children to keep exposed to the language and culture，”she says. △Li Drake has her children study Chinese because she wants them ___________ A. to live in China some day B. to speak the language at home C. to catch up wit other Chinese culture D. to learn about the Chinese culture？ 3.（2013新课标II卷 45）...Looking like a setting from the film Charlie & the Chocolate Factory， Singapore’s Chocolate Research Facility（CRF）has over 100 varieties of chocolates. Its founder is Chris Lee who grew up at his parents’ corner store with one hand almost always in the jar of sweets. If the CRF seems to be a smart idea，that’s because Lee is not merely a seasoned salesperson but also headof a marketing department that has business relations with big names such as Levi’s and Sony. That idea surely results in the imagination at work when it comes to making different flavored（味道）chocolates. △Why is Chris Lee able to develop his idea of CRF？ A. He knows the importance of research. B. He learns from shops of similar types. C. He has the support of many big names D. He has a lot of marketing experience. 答案与详解 顺便说说，题干与原文中的某些词常常是同义转换，了 解这一点有利于在文中快速寻找答题关键句。近年高考中同 义转换的例子有：reunite Europe—bring Europe together，state of mind—mood，charity—give others help，look for—plan to find，restore—give back，didn’t know —had little idea，mainly— especially，drop —reduce， popular—popularity，consume（food）—food intake 等。

据笔者经验，许多考生在找到关键句或“作战区域”之 后，仍然选错选项，原因是不能正确理解关键句的意思。考 生平时练好词汇和句法的基本功是避免错选的关键。词汇的 学习不能停留在词的表面意义，还要理解深层的延伸意义， 学会同义转换。通过句子结构学习，要能快速抓住句子的主 干，从而获取主要信息。